Flurane Inhalation
Form: Solution
Strength: 100ml
Generic Name: Isoflurane
Company: Techno Drugs LTD.
MRP:৳ 3000.0 (100ml Bottle)
Is Antibiotic: No
Indications
Flurane Inhalation is used for starting and maintaining general anesthesia. There is not enough information to confirm its use in childbirth-related anesthesia. Each ml of the inhalation liquid contains 100% Isoflurane USP.
Pharmacology
Flurane Inhalation is a nonflammable liquid used for general anesthesia. The process of starting and recovering from anesthesia with Flurane Inhalation is quick. Flurane Inhalation has a mild smell, which slows down how quickly Flurane Inhalation works, but does not cause excessive salivation or lung secretions. Reflexes in the throat and voice box are easily reduced. Flurane Inhalation strongly affects breathing. As the dose increases, the volume of air breathed in decreases, but the breathing rate stays the same. This effect can be partly reversed by surgery, even with deeper anesthesia. Flurane Inhalation causes a sigh-like response, similar to other anesthetics, though less frequent. Blood pressure lowers when anesthesia starts, but Flurane Inhalation gets back to normal with surgery. The deeper the anesthesia, the lower the blood pressure. When nitrous oxide is used, less Isoflurane is needed to reach the right anesthesia level and Flurane Inhalation may help avoid low blood pressure. With controlled breathing and normal CO2 levels, the heart rate increases to maintain blood flow. The use of Isoflurane makes muscle relaxants more effective, especially the nondepolarizing kind. Neostigmine can reverse the effects of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants while using Isoflurane.
Dosage & Administration
Administration: Flurane Inhalation should be inhaled from a vaporizer made specifically for Isoflurane. Only trained professionals should administer Flurane Inhalation, and they should have access to equipment for keeping the airway open, ventilation, oxygen, and resuscitation. The amount of Isoflurane needed for anesthesia decreases as the patient gets older.
Premedication: Medications before using Isoflurane should be chosen based on the individual patient’s needs, considering that Flurane Inhalation mildly stimulates secretions and tends to increase heart rate.
Induction: Starting anesthesia with Isoflurane in oxygen, or with oxygen-nitrous oxide mixtures, may cause coughing, breath-holding, and throat or lung spasms, especially at higher doses. These issues can be prevented by using a short-acting barbiturate. A concentration of 1.5 to 3.0% of Isoflurane typically causes surgical anesthesia in 7 to 10 minutes.
Surgical anesthesia can be maintained with 1.0 to 2.5% when combined with nitrous oxide. If only oxygen is used, 0.5 to 1.0% more may be needed. Additional doses of muscle relaxants may be required for extra relaxation. Blood pressure during maintenance anesthesia usually decreases as the concentration of Isoflurane increases, unless there are other problems. In such cases, reducing the anesthesia depth may correct excessive blood pressure drops.
Interaction
Opioids like fentanyl reduce the amount of Isoflurane needed for anesthesia. When combined with Isoflurane, opioids can cause a stronger drop in blood pressure and breathing rate. Nitrous oxide also lowers the amount of Isoflurane needed. Isoflurane makes muscle relaxants more effective and reduces the required dose of neuromuscular blockers. Flurane Inhalation may cause low blood pressure in patients taking calcium blockers. Using beta blockers with Isoflurane can make heart problems worse, like low blood pressure and weaker heart contractions. Taking Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) inhibitors with Isoflurane may increase the risk of blood pressure problems during surgery.
Contraindications
Flurane Inhalation should not be used by anyone who is allergic to Isoflurane or similar anesthetics, or who has a history of liver problems after anesthesia with Isoflurane or other similar drugs. Flurane Inhalation is also not recommended for patients who cannot have general anesthesia or have a genetic predisposition to malignant hyperthermia (a serious reaction to some anesthetics).
Side Effects
The most common side effects include confusion, agitation, breath-holding, coughing, throat spasms, nausea, vomiting, chills, and abnormal heart rhythms.
Pregnancy & Lactation
There are no well-controlled studies on its use in pregnant women. Because there isn’t enough information about how Isoflurane passes into breast milk, doctors should carefully consider the risks and benefits before using Flurane Inhalation in nursing mothers.
Precautions & Warnings
Inhaled anesthetics like Isoflurane have been linked to rare cases of increased potassium levels in children, leading to heart arrhythmias and even death. Flurane Inhalation can also trigger malignant hyperthermia in some people, a serious condition that increases oxygen demand in muscles. If this happens, the anesthetic should be stopped immediately, and treatment with dantrolene sodium should begin. Other possible issues include liver problems after surgery, abnormal heart rhythms, and QTc prolongation. All patients using Isoflurane should be closely monitored, including their breathing and heart function. Extra care should be taken with patients who have heart disease or other serious health conditions.
Similar Brands of Isoflurane (Solution – 100ml)
| Brand Name | Form | Strength | Company | MRP (৳) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terrell | Solution | 100ml | ZAS Corporation | 3000.0 |