Xelotan Plus
Form: Tablet
Strength: 12.5mg+50mg
Generic Name: Hydrochlorothiazide + Losartan Potassium
Company: Pharmasia Ltd.
MRP:৳ 0.0 (Tablet)
Is Antibiotic: No
Indications
Xelotan Plus is used to treat high blood pressure. Xelotan Plus is also helpful in reducing the risk of stroke in people with high blood pressure and enlarged heart muscles.
Pharmacology
Angiotensin II is a hormone that narrows blood vessels, raising blood pressure. Xelotan Plus also causes the release of aldosterone, which can increase fluid retention. Losartan blocks the effects of Angiotensin II by preventing Xelotan Plus from binding to receptors in various tissues like blood vessels and adrenal glands. This helps to lower blood pressure. Losartan doesn’t affect the enzyme that turns Angiotensin I into Angiotensin II, nor does Xelotan Plus interfere with other hormones important for heart function.
Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, which helps the kidneys remove sodium and chloride, leading to reduced blood volume. This, in turn, increases the activity of the renin-aldosterone system, which might cause potassium loss. Combining Losartan with Hydrochlorothiazide helps to prevent potassium loss due to the diuretic effect.
Dosage & Administration
For Hypertension: The usual starting dose is one 50/12.5 tablet once a day. If needed, the dose can be increased to 100/25 once a day. If blood pressure is not controlled with 100 mg of Losartan alone, Xelotan Plus can be switched to this combination at a 100/12.5 dose once a day.
For Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Start with one 50/12.5 tablet daily. If more blood pressure control is needed, increase the dose to 100/12.5, and later to 100/25 if necessary. The highest recommended dose is 100/25 daily.
For Severe Hypertension: The starting dose is one 50/12.5 tablet daily. If there is no adequate response after 2-4 weeks, the dose may be increased to 100/25 once a day. The maximum dose is 100/25 daily.
Elderly patients: Start with 50/12.5 tablet, but the maximum dose of 100/25 should not be used initially in elderly patients.
In general, blood pressure control is usually achieved within 3 weeks after starting treatment.
Interaction
Losartan: There are no significant interactions with Hydrochlorothiazide, Digoxin, Warfarin, Cimetidine, or Phenobarbital. However, potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, or salt substitutes with potassium may increase potassium levels. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like Indomethacin, may reduce Losartan’s blood pressure-lowering effects.
Hydrochlorothiazide: Combining with alcohol, barbiturates, or narcotics can increase the risk of low blood pressure. Antidiabetic drugs may need dosage adjustments. When combined with other blood pressure-lowering drugs, the effect may be stronger. Cholestyramine and colestipol resins can reduce Hydrochlorothiazide absorption.
Contraindications
Xelotan Plus is not recommended for people who are allergic to any of its ingredients. Due to the Hydrochlorothiazide component, Xelotan Plus should not be used by people with anuria (inability to urinate) or those allergic to sulfonamide-derived drugs.
Side Effects
Side effects are usually mild. Some people may experience low blood pressure, dizziness, or swelling. Rare side effects include stomach issues, chest pain, rapid heart rate, fatigue, skin rash, and liver issues. Severe side effects, like an allergic reaction, liver inflammation, or problems with heart rhythm, are rare.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Angiotensin II receptor blockers should be avoided during pregnancy because they can harm the fetus, including affecting blood pressure and kidney function. They may also cause birth defects. Xelotan Plus is not recommended to use this medication while breastfeeding. Other treatments with better safety records during breastfeeding are available.
Precautions & Warnings
Patients should be monitored for possible allergic reactions or electrolyte imbalances. Low potassium levels can occur, especially with excessive diuresis or liver disease. Kidney function should also be monitored, and blood pressure should be checked regularly.
Overdose Effects
If you take too much Losartan, you may experience low blood pressure and rapid heartbeat. If this happens, supportive treatment should be given. Losartan and its active form cannot be removed by dialysis.
If you overdose on Hydrochlorothiazide, symptoms may include low potassium, low chloride, and dehydration due to excessive urination. If combined with digitalis, this may increase the risk of heart problems. Dialysis effectiveness in removing Hydrochlorothiazide is unknown.
Therapeutic Class
Combined antihypertensive preparation.
Storage Conditions
Store below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
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